Background: Anal fissure is one of the most common perianal conditions presenting with itching, bleeding per rectum, and pain of varying severity. The effectiveness of various treatment modalities, their impact on hospital stays, improvements in quality of life, recurrence rates, and problems among different treatment modalities were all considered when shortlisting and analyzing numerous articles. This analysis led us to the conclusion that open lateral internal sphincterotomy remains the gold standard technique for therapy for a persistent anal fissure. A 2% diltiazem cream is the most effective pharmacological drug, with good rate of compliance. VY plasty is one of the modern surgical methods that can be reserved for unique circumstances. Method: NIH, Pubmed, and MEDLINE were searched extensively for medical literature using the following search terms: anal fissure, sphincterotomy, anal surgery, and anal fissure medical therapy. Objective: This article reviews the several surgical approaches that can be used to treat chronic anal fissures.

Infertility is a significant concern arising from systemic diseases, which impact reproductive health. Various conditions such as autoimmune disorders, endocrine disturbances, chronic diseases, infections, metabolic disorders, neurological conditions, nutritional deficiencies, and medication side effects can contribute to infertility by disrupting reproductive functions. Aims/Objective: This article aims to investigate the relationship between systemic illnesses and infertility, elucidating the underlying mechanisms. Methods: A comprehensive review of relevant literature was conducted, analyzing peer-reviewed articles, clinical studies, and guidelines to gather evidence on the pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management of infertility associated with systemic illness. Results: The discussion section explores the diverse ways systemic illnesses affect fertility, including hormonal imbalances, organ dysfunction, inflammatory processes, and medication-related complications. Challenges in diagnosing and treating infertility in individuals with systemic conditions are discussed, emphasizing interdisciplinary collaboration among healthcare providers. Conclusion: Infertility linked to systemic illnesses presents a complex clinical challenge, requiring a multidimensional approach for effective management. Early identification of underlying conditions, optimization of treatment strategies, and consideration of assisted reproductive technologies are crucial for addressing reproductive needs. Enhanced awareness and interdisciplinary collaboration among medical specialties are essential in supporting patients facing infertility due to systemic illnesses.

Ayurveda is a vast medicinal science that focuses on healthy living rather than merely treating disease. 'Swasthasyaswasthyarakshanam, Aaturasyavikaraprashamanam' is the aim of Ayurveda. Srotas are the structural and functional units of the body through which materials flow from one part to another. The concept of Mahastrotas described by Acharya Charaka can be correlated with the entire gastrointestinal tract of the body. In the present scenario, everyone is in mental and physical stress due to their lifestyle, undisciplined daily regimen, inadequate sleep, lack of exercise, dietic rules and regulations, and metabolic disturbances which are the main causative factors for Annapachanvikruti and the persistence of these factors lead to various diseases of the systems, potentially resulting in permanent damage to the organs. Approximately one-third of the general population complains of some digestion-related symptoms, such as flatulence, bloating, heartburn, nausea, vomiting, constipation, diarrhea, food intolerance, incontinence, abdominal pain, etc. While these digestive symptoms may not be life threatening, they can significantly affect the general well-being and quality of life of the affected individuals. Material and Methods: Brihat-trayee and their commentaries, supportive text of contemporary scientific texts, and references from the internet and journal were reviewed for the study. Discussion: Digestive disorders significantly affect people inducing a highly significant economic impact comprising health care costs and work absenteeism, in addition to decreased quality of life. Though modern medicine provides effective emergency management, it falls short in effective preventive care and avoidance of recurrence. On the other hand, Ayurveda employs various preventive measures in the form of Aaharvihar, Pathya Apathyapalana, Shatkriyakaal and its associated alarming symptoms, Dincharya, Ritucharya, Yoga and dietetics to prevent Mahasrotas Vyadhi through lifestyle modification. Conclusion: In Ayurveda, prevention of disease is considered more important than cure. This article attempts to elucidate the Ayurvedic view of preventive medicine and dietary aspects in relation to Mahasrotas.

Kashyap Samhita is considered as the main text of Kaumarbhritya. It is also known as 'Jeevak Tantra' and is a pioneer text in the branch of Kaumarbhritya. Kashyap Samhita focuses on the causes, diagnosis, treatment, and identification of diseases in children. It mentions 'Lakshan Adhyay', which is useful for diagnosing various pediatric diseases. Panchakarma procedures are described in detail in Kashyap Samhita. Acharya Kashyap prescribed various Panchakarma treatments, especially for children. This review article provides an overview of Panchakarma as described in the Kashyap Samhita.

Netra Tarpanam is a rejuvenating treatment for the eyes. "Netra" means eye and "Tarpan" means strengthening the eyes. In this treatment, herbal oils and herbal ghee are used to cleanse the eyes. It is a relaxing Ayurvedic therapy for the eyes. It strengthens, nourishes, and rejuvenates eye muscles and optical nerve. Netra Tarpanam is beneficial for various eye ailments such as dryness, blurred vision, tiredness, myopia, burning of eyes, eye fatigue from prolonged screen time, itching, dark circles, and wrinkles. Tarpana is useful for both healthy and diseased persons. Tarpana is a Snigdha Kriya indicated in Vata Dusta ophthalmic conditions, mainly in Dristigata Rogas. It is commonly indicated in macular degeneration, computer eye strain, degenerative conditions, myasthenia gravis, and drooping of eyelids.

Endometriosis is a condition where endometrial tissue grows outside the uterus, commonly affecting the ovaries, fallopian tubes, and pelvic lining, and rarely extending beyond the pelvic organs. This benign condition, which can potentially transform into malignancy, affects about 10% of women, with a higher prevalence among those with infertility. Symptoms include dysmenorrhea, severe pelvic pain, abdominal pain, abnormal menstrual bleeding, dyspareunia, and infertility. Diagnosis is best achieved through laparoscopy and histology, with CT scans and MRIs as supplementary tools. Treatment options include NSAIDs, hormonal therapies (e.g., oral contraceptives, progestogens, GnRH agonists), and surgery for severe cases. Ayurvedic medicine does not have a direct equivalent for endometriosis but relates it to various Yonivyapadas based on symptoms. Treatment in Ayurveda focuses on correcting digestive function (Agni), eliminating Ama, and managing Vata Dosha, using therapies like Tikta Rasa, Ushna Virya, and Basti Karma. Combining Shodhana and Shamana therapies is considered effective, with additional treatments like Raktastravrodhak and Uttarbasti addressing specific symptoms.

Palliative care is essential for improving the quality of life in patients with serious illnesses, focusing on symptom management and holistic support. Ayurveda, an ancient system of medicine originating in India, offers a unique approach through its therapeutic practices. Shamana Chikitsa, which involves treatments aimed at alleviating symptoms by balancing the three Doshas (Vata, Pitta, and Kapha), represents a less severe alternative to Shodhana Chikitsa in the context of palliative care. Methods: This research paper evaluates the effectiveness of Ayurvedic treatments in managing symptoms and enhancing the quality of life for patients in palliative care settings. A comprehensive literature review was conducted, focusing on clinical studies, case reports, and patient testimonials related to the application of Shamana Chikitsa within various palliative care frameworks. Results: Preliminary findings suggest that Ayurvedic interventions can significantly alleviate symptoms such as pain, anxiety, and fatigue while promoting emotional well- being and overall quality of life for patients. Specific therapies and practices, including herbal remedies, dietary modifications, and lifestyle adjustments, demonstrate potential to reduce disease-related discomfort. Discussion: The integration of Ayurveda into conventional palliative care offers promising benefits; however, it also presents challenges, such as the need for trained practitioners and potential resistance within the medical community. Further research is necessary to validate these findings, establish standardized protocols, and explore the implications of this integration for patient-centered care. Conclusion: The incorporation of Ayurvedic principles, particularly Shamana Chikitsa, into palliative care has the potential to enhance symptom management and improve the overall quality of life for patients. Collaborative efforts between Ayurvedic and conventional medical practitioners could foster more comprehensive care models, leading to improved patient outcomes.

The randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted in 60 diagnosed patients of Gridhrasi (sciatica). Shunthisiddha Erand Taila with milk orally along with oral tablets of Rasna Guggul were given to the patients in trial group (Group A) whereas in control group (Group B) only oral tablets of Rasna Guggul were given. The effect of therapies was assessed on the basis of criteria: Ruka (pain), Toda (pricking sensation), and the SLR (Straight Leg Raise) test. Both treatments were effective in managing Gridhrasi, but there was a significant difference between Group A and Group B on an average if factors reduction in pain, reduction in Toda, reduction in SLR are considered. In Group A, 12 patients showed moderate improvement, 17 patients showed marked improvement and 1 patient was cured, while in Group B, 13 patients showed moderate improvement but 17 patients remained unchanged. No side effects were reported in either group during the trial period.

Indralupta is included under Kapalgat Roga (diseases of scale) by Acharya Vagbhata and under Kshrudra Roga (minor ailments) by Acharya Sushruta. Alopecia areata, an autoimmune disease characterized by hair loss, can be correlated with Indralupta in Ayurveda. It affects approximately 2% of the general population. Due to the side effects and limitations of contemporary medicine, other harmless and effective medicines are expected from Ayurveda. A case of Indralupta (alopecia areata) successfully treated with Ayurvedic principle is presented here.